A Web Based Educational Material Can Be Used In A Multi Modal Approach To Change Hygienic Behavior Of Health Care Workers
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Abstract
Background
Hand hygiene is recognized as one of the cornerstones in infection control practice but compliance to the guideline is low. To increase compliance the approach has to be multifaceted. Teaching hand hygiene is primarily done by lectures and bedside learning – but this is time consuming. A new interactive teaching is needed.
Objective
The aim is to clarify the educational challenges for a material that can support behavioral change.
Methods
A pre investigation literature review, 1700 questionnaires based on decision theory, (multi attribute utility) and 15 qualitative semi structured interviews - were conducted among HCW. Data were analyzed and discussed on the basis of theories on action, experience, reflective thinking, control and rituals. Best design of an educational material was chosen. Design and content were tested on HCW.
Results
The pre investigation suggested that hand hygiene is a field with great implications on interactions and dialogue between individuals. It was concluded that to change behavior one needs an educational material that allows room for reflections on action, experiments that can visualize the invisible dirt and the consequences of a non adequate hand hygiene. Finally the material should be able to initiate a constructive dialogue on hand hygiene.
A web based (e-learning) resource was chosen.
Manuscript was written on the basis of results from the pre investigation. The design aimed at an explorative approach with 3 levels : Need to know, Nice to know and What would be really nice to know. Case stories from Pub Med were visualized in flash files, gaming, tests, pictures, illustrations, videos and graphs, so all learning styles were presented. Technical requirements for user´s hardware and software were specified (Mozilla Firefox or Internet Explorer ,Flash plugin, Direct X compatible sound file, 512 MB RAM, screen resolution 1024 x768, Dual ISDN 256 kb), and document format doc, .pdf, .png, .jpg
The hand hygiene resource was launched in 2004. The following programs have been added later: Infection Control in Primary Care (2006), English version of the hand hygiene program (2007), and Prevention of Catheter Related Urinary Tract Infections (2009).
Webanizer (2012) shows that www.ssi.dk/hygiejne in average has 600 weekly visitors who spend approximately8 minutes and read approximately 13 pages. 60 % are first time users. A web based questionnaire on hand hygiene was done in 2008: 543 persons completed the questionnaire. The results showed that both the target group (nurses, doctors, teachers and students from the healthcare sector, ages 20-60+) and colleagues from adjoining fields were met. 75 - 87 % were very satisfied with accessibility, navigation, content and design, and 90 % would recommend it to others.
Conclusion.
With its possibilities of supporting different learning styles and create room for reflection the internet is an excellent media for teaching infection control. It gives room for privacy but can also initiate joint ownership to implementation and evaluation of infection control guidelines. With limited economical resources and time for classic educational sessions – e-learning is costly to produce but inexpensive to use. A downloadable app could be next step.
Hand hygiene is recognized as one of the cornerstones in infection control practice but compliance to the guideline is low. To increase compliance the approach has to be multifaceted. Teaching hand hygiene is primarily done by lectures and bedside learning – but this is time consuming. A new interactive teaching is needed.
Objective
The aim is to clarify the educational challenges for a material that can support behavioral change.
Methods
A pre investigation literature review, 1700 questionnaires based on decision theory, (multi attribute utility) and 15 qualitative semi structured interviews - were conducted among HCW. Data were analyzed and discussed on the basis of theories on action, experience, reflective thinking, control and rituals. Best design of an educational material was chosen. Design and content were tested on HCW.
Results
The pre investigation suggested that hand hygiene is a field with great implications on interactions and dialogue between individuals. It was concluded that to change behavior one needs an educational material that allows room for reflections on action, experiments that can visualize the invisible dirt and the consequences of a non adequate hand hygiene. Finally the material should be able to initiate a constructive dialogue on hand hygiene.
A web based (e-learning) resource was chosen.
Manuscript was written on the basis of results from the pre investigation. The design aimed at an explorative approach with 3 levels : Need to know, Nice to know and What would be really nice to know. Case stories from Pub Med were visualized in flash files, gaming, tests, pictures, illustrations, videos and graphs, so all learning styles were presented. Technical requirements for user´s hardware and software were specified (Mozilla Firefox or Internet Explorer ,Flash plugin, Direct X compatible sound file, 512 MB RAM, screen resolution 1024 x768, Dual ISDN 256 kb), and document format doc, .pdf, .png, .jpg
The hand hygiene resource was launched in 2004. The following programs have been added later: Infection Control in Primary Care (2006), English version of the hand hygiene program (2007), and Prevention of Catheter Related Urinary Tract Infections (2009).
Webanizer (2012) shows that www.ssi.dk/hygiejne in average has 600 weekly visitors who spend approximately8 minutes and read approximately 13 pages. 60 % are first time users. A web based questionnaire on hand hygiene was done in 2008: 543 persons completed the questionnaire. The results showed that both the target group (nurses, doctors, teachers and students from the healthcare sector, ages 20-60+) and colleagues from adjoining fields were met. 75 - 87 % were very satisfied with accessibility, navigation, content and design, and 90 % would recommend it to others.
Conclusion.
With its possibilities of supporting different learning styles and create room for reflection the internet is an excellent media for teaching infection control. It gives room for privacy but can also initiate joint ownership to implementation and evaluation of infection control guidelines. With limited economical resources and time for classic educational sessions – e-learning is costly to produce but inexpensive to use. A downloadable app could be next step.
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