Evaluation of the Web-Based Food Frequency Questionnaire Developed for the European Longitudinal Study of Pregnancy and Childhood
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Abstract
Background
The validation of online dietary assessment instruments is important in the diet evaluation in the ELSPAC study. Completing the food diary is time-consuming and children are often unfamiliar with the standard portion sizes which could mean an error associated with self-reported intakes; therefore, besides a food frequency questionnaire and a 24-hour recall, photographic food records were used to collect the data, as well.
Objective
The aim of this study was to evaluate an online food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) against a 24-hour dietary recall.
Methods
The aim of the study was to update the existing FFQs used in the ELSPAC study for various age groups, transfer them into the online environment with real-time evaluation, create a food portion size database for the age groups, and evaluate the comparing nutrient and food group intakes from the FFQ using the 24-hour recalls. In the first phase, 100 participants were randomly selected from the cohort. Each participant was provided with a set of 24-hour dietary recalls and a 220-item FFQ. Correlation coefficients were calculated for selected energy-adjusted macronutrients and micronutrients.
At this stage, the feedback from the respondents was received, as well. Online questionnaire was used to contact participants in the new cohort, who took part in the original study, to compare their experience with the original paper questionnaire and the new FFQ.
Results
Research in progress.
The validation study subjects represent the total cohort very well in the first phase. We hypothesize that the correlation coefficients between the FFQ and the 24-hour dietary recalls for nutrients and foods will range from 0.5 to 0.9 (beverages, alcohol). We also expect that, compared to the recalls, the FFQ will tend to underestimate energy and fat intakes, and overestimate fruits and vegetable intakes.
The feedback is being evaluated and the comments of the respondents are being processed.
Conclusion
Research in progress.
In the ELSPAC study, the online FFQ for various age categories has been used for the first time in the Czech Republic. The data indicate acceptable relative validity and reproducibility of the FFQ in this study population. Dietary data are just a part of an extensive study and although the FFQ may not be a valid indicator of an individual’s intake, we expect to use the data to measure error correction in the analyses of diet and disease risks in the population. In the following phases, the validation will be carried out repeatedly, always for each age group separately.
The feedback shows a higher level of good user experience and a higher affinity to cooperation which is an integral part of any longitudinal study. This will be followed by the support using social media and the development of an interactive environment.
The validation of online dietary assessment instruments is important in the diet evaluation in the ELSPAC study. Completing the food diary is time-consuming and children are often unfamiliar with the standard portion sizes which could mean an error associated with self-reported intakes; therefore, besides a food frequency questionnaire and a 24-hour recall, photographic food records were used to collect the data, as well.
Objective
The aim of this study was to evaluate an online food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) against a 24-hour dietary recall.
Methods
The aim of the study was to update the existing FFQs used in the ELSPAC study for various age groups, transfer them into the online environment with real-time evaluation, create a food portion size database for the age groups, and evaluate the comparing nutrient and food group intakes from the FFQ using the 24-hour recalls. In the first phase, 100 participants were randomly selected from the cohort. Each participant was provided with a set of 24-hour dietary recalls and a 220-item FFQ. Correlation coefficients were calculated for selected energy-adjusted macronutrients and micronutrients.
At this stage, the feedback from the respondents was received, as well. Online questionnaire was used to contact participants in the new cohort, who took part in the original study, to compare their experience with the original paper questionnaire and the new FFQ.
Results
Research in progress.
The validation study subjects represent the total cohort very well in the first phase. We hypothesize that the correlation coefficients between the FFQ and the 24-hour dietary recalls for nutrients and foods will range from 0.5 to 0.9 (beverages, alcohol). We also expect that, compared to the recalls, the FFQ will tend to underestimate energy and fat intakes, and overestimate fruits and vegetable intakes.
The feedback is being evaluated and the comments of the respondents are being processed.
Conclusion
Research in progress.
In the ELSPAC study, the online FFQ for various age categories has been used for the first time in the Czech Republic. The data indicate acceptable relative validity and reproducibility of the FFQ in this study population. Dietary data are just a part of an extensive study and although the FFQ may not be a valid indicator of an individual’s intake, we expect to use the data to measure error correction in the analyses of diet and disease risks in the population. In the following phases, the validation will be carried out repeatedly, always for each age group separately.
The feedback shows a higher level of good user experience and a higher affinity to cooperation which is an integral part of any longitudinal study. This will be followed by the support using social media and the development of an interactive environment.
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