New Primary Health Care in Thailand : Community Health Alliance between Health Security Local Fund Collaboration
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Abstract
New Primary Health Care in Thailand : Community Health Alliance between Health Security Local Fund Collaboration
Arun Boonsang1
CHeerasak Charoenpun, Ph.D.2
Niruwan Turnbull, Ph.D.3
1 Doctor of Public Health student Faculty of Public Health Mahasarakham University
2 Faculty of Public Health Mahasarakham University
3 Faculty of Public Health Mahasarakham University
ABSTRACT
Background: Thailand has set up the primary health care under Alma Ata declaration for more than 35 years, which aimed to approach health for all. But they are current significant participatory between private sector and local government lack of integrated activity. New primary health care must be to change paradigm shift , new procedure , new implementation and new participatory strategy.
Objective : This study aims to find out how Thailand have been doing an what will benefit for the future in primary health care system in Thailand and to create and develop the health security local fund administration that will have for effectiveness administrative participation model between health security local fund and community health alliance.
Methods : The research methodology were studied separate into three phases include: phase 1) Documentary research used the documents to support the viewpoint or argument of an academic work in term of primary health care system, which employed the quantitative and qualitative analysis to report the findings. Phase 2) Mixed methods research, which investigate how the Alma Ata declaration impacts to healthcare professionals including village health volunteers, health workers, local government and people in local community, this stage will apply Participatory Action Research(PAR) to create and develop the health security local fund administration that will have for effectiveness administrative participation model between health security local fund and community health alliance. The sample were used village health volunteers in the area health regional 13 in Thailand included 4 provinces 8 districts and 400 peoples . The tools used consisted of questionnaire, in - dept interview ,and focus group. The last phase (phase 3) will be testing the model by examine using CIPP Model for successful primary health care and health security local fund administrative model in Thailand.
Results : This paper shown that since 1977 the Ministry of public health in Thailand were started the primary health care, which implemented on the national socioeconomic development plan, then continued to undertake Alma Ata in 1978 following preventive program to against the communicable diseases, health promotion, such as food supply, the sanitation of water supply, and maternal and child care. Results revealed that since then, the primary healthcare in Thailand have over 1 million of village health volunteers, who works for health education and basic treatments as well as family planning, maternal and child healthcare, including controlling local community diseases, such as, Malaria, Diarrhea, Dengue Hemorrhagic fever. Long life expectancy of years such 69.5 years male and 73.3 years female and the number of household impoverished by medical expenses decreased from 280,000 household in 2000 to 88,000 in 2008.
In conclusion: The primary health care system in Thailand had been progressing and successful, which counted in the first row of the world health. Nevertheless, the challenge in the next fourth decade for Thai primary health care would be the cooperation of local communities, the empowerment of health network system, and improve the individual health care for all people to fit into the era of the globalization. Therefore this dissertation implementation of primary health care under health security local fund can be applied at village and community level further.
Keywords: Primary health care; Village health volunteer; Community health alliance; Health security local fund
Arun Boonsang1
CHeerasak Charoenpun, Ph.D.2
Niruwan Turnbull, Ph.D.3
1 Doctor of Public Health student Faculty of Public Health Mahasarakham University
2 Faculty of Public Health Mahasarakham University
3 Faculty of Public Health Mahasarakham University
ABSTRACT
Background: Thailand has set up the primary health care under Alma Ata declaration for more than 35 years, which aimed to approach health for all. But they are current significant participatory between private sector and local government lack of integrated activity. New primary health care must be to change paradigm shift , new procedure , new implementation and new participatory strategy.
Objective : This study aims to find out how Thailand have been doing an what will benefit for the future in primary health care system in Thailand and to create and develop the health security local fund administration that will have for effectiveness administrative participation model between health security local fund and community health alliance.
Methods : The research methodology were studied separate into three phases include: phase 1) Documentary research used the documents to support the viewpoint or argument of an academic work in term of primary health care system, which employed the quantitative and qualitative analysis to report the findings. Phase 2) Mixed methods research, which investigate how the Alma Ata declaration impacts to healthcare professionals including village health volunteers, health workers, local government and people in local community, this stage will apply Participatory Action Research(PAR) to create and develop the health security local fund administration that will have for effectiveness administrative participation model between health security local fund and community health alliance. The sample were used village health volunteers in the area health regional 13 in Thailand included 4 provinces 8 districts and 400 peoples . The tools used consisted of questionnaire, in - dept interview ,and focus group. The last phase (phase 3) will be testing the model by examine using CIPP Model for successful primary health care and health security local fund administrative model in Thailand.
Results : This paper shown that since 1977 the Ministry of public health in Thailand were started the primary health care, which implemented on the national socioeconomic development plan, then continued to undertake Alma Ata in 1978 following preventive program to against the communicable diseases, health promotion, such as food supply, the sanitation of water supply, and maternal and child care. Results revealed that since then, the primary healthcare in Thailand have over 1 million of village health volunteers, who works for health education and basic treatments as well as family planning, maternal and child healthcare, including controlling local community diseases, such as, Malaria, Diarrhea, Dengue Hemorrhagic fever. Long life expectancy of years such 69.5 years male and 73.3 years female and the number of household impoverished by medical expenses decreased from 280,000 household in 2000 to 88,000 in 2008.
In conclusion: The primary health care system in Thailand had been progressing and successful, which counted in the first row of the world health. Nevertheless, the challenge in the next fourth decade for Thai primary health care would be the cooperation of local communities, the empowerment of health network system, and improve the individual health care for all people to fit into the era of the globalization. Therefore this dissertation implementation of primary health care under health security local fund can be applied at village and community level further.
Keywords: Primary health care; Village health volunteer; Community health alliance; Health security local fund
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